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For centuries, Western thought—influenced by thinkers like Descartes—largely viewed animals as "automata" that could not feel pain like humans. However, Eastern traditions such as have practiced ahimsa (non-violence) for millennia, teaching that all life is interconnected and deserves respect.

In a world where animals are often viewed through the lens of human utility, understanding our ethical responsibility toward them has never been more critical. While the terms "animal welfare" and "animal rights" are frequently used interchangeably, they represent two distinct paths toward a more compassionate future. Welfare vs. Rights: Understanding the Difference monica mattos the infamous horse scene bestiality