: What physical stimuli (internal or external) trigger the behavior?
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The marriage of behavior and science has also transformed the clinical experience. The "Fear-Free" movement in veterinary medicine is a prime example. By understanding species-specific signals—like the subtle lip lick of a stressed dog or the pinned ears of a horse—veterinary staff can adjust their handling techniques. : What physical stimuli (internal or external) trigger
: Chronic stress (distress) can reduce immune function, delay healing, increase susceptibility to infectious diseases, and even shorten an animal's lifespan. Just as temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate
: In domestic cats, stress-related "psychosomatic pathologies" often manifest as urinary problems or self-harm, especially when they lack personal space in multi-cat environments.
Just as temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate signal physical health, behavior is now recognized as a . Changes in activity, appetite, social interaction, or sleep patterns often precede or accompany illness.